If there is one regime that at least try to understand and even integrate with these ethic group it would be Shu Han
they have to govern a lot of the ethnic group and managed at least during the time of Zhuge Liang to ease some of the tension.
But after Wei unified China, this short-lived effort was destroyed and then after Wei is usurped by Jin, the exploitation of the minorities become even harsher.
If the one on top would not let them live, then they would rather pick up their weapons and fight for a chance of survival!
When Han people ruled the land of China, minorities always suffers and scapegoated as the ills of the world.
There is cause and effect to everything
Jin fell to Liu Song and historian at that time called it the Sixteen kingdoms of the Five barbarians
The Five Liangs, Four Yans, three Qins, two Zhaos, Cheng-Han and Xia.
There is also many other kingdom that appeared at that time. Ran Wei, Zhai Wei, Chouchi, Duan Qi, Qiao Shu, Huan Chu, Tuyuhun, Western Yan.
